REVIEW PAPER, REVIEW ARTICLE (PREGLEDNI RAD)
Jelena Martinović1, Tatjana Matijaš1
1 University of Split, University Department of Health Studies, Split, Croatia
Corresponding author: Tatjana Matijaš, University of Split, University Department of Health Studies, Split, Croatia, email:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55378/rv.47.2.4
Abstract
MRI has greatly improved diagnostic medicine in recent decades. By constantly changing and improving technological aspects, MRI is becoming an increasingly sophisticated and refined method. By constantly tending to increase the used magnetic field, the spatial resolution and contrast increase due to the increase in SNR. These factors enable a detailed and clear presentation of previously invisible pathologies, especially pathologies in the brain. The aim of this work is to compare the importance of the technological features of 3T and 7T MRI in brain imaging and to distinguish their advantages and disadvantages. 3T MRI is used in daily clinical practice worldwide. One of the basic questions that scientists deal with in most research is the importance of 7T compared to 3T in the presentation of various brain pathologies. It was found that the improved technological characteristics of the device with a higher magnetic field affect the better representation of epileptogenic lesions and lesions that are specific for multiple sclerosis. In addition, a better representation of the internal structure of the tumor, a better representation of aneurysms and microbleeds and changes that are characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease is obtained. It was of great importance to determine whether there is superiority of 7T in these pathologies to determine all the available possibilities, advantages and disadvantages because these are diseases that have an increasing prevalence in the population. On the 7T MRI, there are also technological problems that can lead to poor recording quality, for which various solutions are proposed and investigated. After reviewing numerous studies, it was determined that 3T MRI is a quality device for current use, but 7T has the ability to display details and can provide a higher quality image and greater diagnostic precision and can be of great importance, especially in certain patients where 3T is not detailed enough. It should be noted that 7T MRI still needs to be researched, but it is safe for human use and represents the future of diagnostic medicine.
Keywords: brain, magnetic field, 3T MR, 7T MR
Usporedba 7T MR i 3T MR u dijagnostici bolesti mozga
Sažetak
Radiologija je jedna od najbrže rastućih grana medicine, a upravo jedan od uređaja koji najbrže prati ovaj razvoj je i uređaj za CT. Znanstvenici su najviše fokusirani na istraživanje poboljšanja parametara rendgenske cijevi i detektora kao najvažnijih dijelova ovog modaliteta oslikavanja. Uz detektor s integriranjem energije koji je danas u širokoj uporabi u sklopu svakodnevne kliničke praske, predmet istraživanja je i detektor s brojačem fotona. Brojne vrline koje se ističu kod nove vrste detektora zaslužne su za opće mišljenje da će u budućnosti ova nova tehnologija zavladati CT uređajima u kliničkoj praksi poboljšavajući akviziciju brojnih dijagnostičkih i intervencijskih postupaka. Smatra se da ova tehnologija radiologiju uvodi u novu eru upravo svojom poboljšanom prostornom i kontrastnom rezolucijom, smanjenjem šuma i povećanjem omjera kontrasta i šuma, ali i novim mogućnostima kao što su oslikavanje više kontrastnih sredstava istovremeno te višeenergetsko oslikavanje. Poboljšanja vidljivost joda pruža dodatne dijagnostičke mogućnosti te točniju diferencijaciju benignih i malignih suspektnih lezija. Znatno manja veličina piksela na ovom detektoru nudi gotovo dvostruko povećanje prostorne rezolucije, a samim time i povećanje učinkovitosti doze zračenja. Korištenje detektora s brojačem fotona je zato pogodno i kod pedijatrijskih bolesnika, a javlja se i širok spektar mogućnosti low-dose oslikavanja u svrhu preventivnog screeninga karcinoma. Procesi poput tzv. razgradnje materijala i spektralnog oslikavanja su još u procesu istraživanja, ali imaju veliki potencijal da optimiziraju buduću svakodnevnu kliničku praksu. Potrebno je još rada i objavljenih rezultata istraživanja, no zasigurno će ova tehnologija jednog dana olakšati posao radiološkog tehnologa i radiologa.
Ključne riječi: CT, detektor s brojačem fotona, detektor s integriranjem energije
