STRUČNI RAD (PROFESSIONAL PAPER)
Elizabeta Daus1, Ena Mršić1,2, Melita Kukuljan1,2,3
1 Sveučilište u Rijeci, Fakultet zdravstvenih studija.
2 Klinički zavod za dijagnostičku i intervencijsku radiologiju, KBC-a Rijeka.
3 Sveučilište u Rijeci, Medicinski fakultet.
Korespodentni autor:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55378/rv.47.2.7
Sažetak
Cilj: Utvrditi histološke tipove raka pluća među bolesnicima kojima je kompujeriziranom tomografijom toraksa i patohistološki dijagnosticiran rak pluća te odrediti prevalenciju planocelularnog karcinoma. Nadalje, utvrditi spolnu i dobnu zastupljenost te udio pušača i nepušača među ispitanicima s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinom u odnosu na bolesnike oboljele od adenokarcinoma.
Metode: Ova retrospektivna studija uključuje sve bolesnike kod kojih je u 2022.g. u KBC-u Rijeka, dijagnosticiran rak pluća. Svi podaci potrebni za provođenje ovog istraživanja (dob i spol bolesnika, patohistološki nalaz, dijagnostička metodu pomoću koje je pribavljen materijal za patohistološku analizu te pušački status), dobiveni su pretraživanjem bolničkih baza podataka (IBIS i ISSA).
Rezultati: U ovom istraživanju utvrđeno je sveukupno 147 novodijagnosticiranih primarnih karcinoma pluća. Udio bolesnika muškog spola s primarnim karcinoma pluća iznosio je 65,3%, a ženskog 34,7%. Najzastupljeniji histološki tip raka pluća bio je adenokarcinom, potvrđen kod 40,8% bolesnika, a potom planocelularni karcinom, dijagnosticiran kod 22,4% bolesnika. Pripadnika muškog spola među ispitanicima s adenokarcinomom bilo je 63,3%, a među ispitanicima s planocelularnim karcinomom 75,5%. U grupi oboljelih od adenokarcinomom bilo je 80% aktivnih ili bivših pušača cigareta, a među ispitanicima s dijagnosticiranim planocelularnim karcinomom 94 %. Udio pušača kod muškaraca oboljelih od adenokarcinoma iznosio je 92,2%, a kod planocelularnog 92%. U skupini žena oboljelih od adenokarcinoma bilo je 59,1% pušača, a u skupini oboljelih od planocelularnog karcinoma 100%.
Zaključci: Planocelularni karcinom je drugi po učestalosti u bolesnika kod kojih je u 2022.g. u KBC-u Rijeka dijagnosticiran karcinom pluća nemalih stanica, nakon adenokarcinoma, s udjelom od 22,4%. Među bolesnicima oboljelim od planocelularnog karcinoma znatno veći je bio udio pripadnika muškog spola (75,8% naprema 24,2%), kao i udio pušača (94% naprema 80%) nego u onih oboljelih od adenokarcinoma.
Ključne riječi: CT toraksa, planocelularni karcinom pluća, adenokarcinom, primarni tumori pluća, pušenje cigareta.
Incidence of squamous cell carcinoma in patients with lung cancer diagnosed by computed tomography and pathohistologically in 2022 at CHC Rijeka
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this research was to determine the histological types of lung cancer among patients diagnosed with primary lung cancer by CT and pathohistologically, and to determine the prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, to determine gender and age distribution and the proportion of smokers and non-smokers among respondents with diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma in relation to patients with adenocarcinoma.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients in whom the lung cancer was diagnosed in 2022 at the Clinical Hospital Center (CHC) Rijeka. All data necessary for the conduct of this study (age and gender, pathohistological findings, the diagnostic method by which the material for pathohistological analysis was obtained and smoking status) were obtained from hospital databases (IBIS and ISSA).
Results: A total of 147 diagnosed primary lung cancers were detected in this study. Lung cancer showed a male predominance with 65,3% while the proportion of female patients was 34,7%. The most common histological type of lung cancer was adenocarcinoma, confirmed in 40,8% of patients, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, which was diagnosed in 22,4% of patients. The male gender was more prevalent in patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with the incidence of 63,3% and 75,5%. Analysis of the smoking status showed that 80% of patients with adenocarcinoma and 94% of patients with squamous cell carcinoma were smokers. The incidence of smokers among men diagnosed with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was approximately equal (92.2% vs. 92%). The proportion of smokers among women with adenocarcinoma was 59.1% while all women with squamous cell carcinoma were smokers.
Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma was the second most common histological type in patients diagnosed with lung cancer in 2022 at CHC Rijeka, after adenocarcinoma, with the incidence of 22.4%. Squamous cell carcinoma showed a significantly higher incidence in male patients (75,8% vs. 24,2%). Furthermore, the proportion of smokers was higher among the patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma compared to those diagnosed with adenocarcinoma (94% versus 80%).
Keywords: CT, lung tumours, smoking tobacco, squamous cell carcinoma
